These risks are described further under. Albuterol should not be coadministered with sympathomimetic amines, tricyclic antidepressants, and monoamine inhibitors. While few direct contraindications to albuterol use exist, significant drug interactions exist and should be avoided. In most cases, these drugs can be used at home, they are effective both therapeutically and preventively, and they may be administered in a variety of ways orally in tablet form, through injection, or, ideally, via an inhaler. * Trade-marks and registered trade-marks of Trudell Medical International. It is available in several formulations but is most commonly administered as an inhaled medication using a metered-dose inhaler with a spacer device or a nebulizer. When airway samples are collected as part of the diagnostic workup, appropriate airway cultures should be submitted to evaluate for this possibility. . Sustained-release theophylline pharmacokinetics in the cat. Your vet will indicate when the medication is to be used and how many puffs to give your cat for each treatment. Page CP, Morley J. Can cats use human albuterol? Extreme caution should be used in patients also receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants.10. For animals, albuterol is used as a bronchodilator. Although intradermal skin testing (IDST) is possible in cats, interpretation of the results is difficult. In cats, data are limited to studies of experimentally induced asthma. in 2009. Sure, SOME meds can go between humans and cats but, unless you are a vet with knowledge and experience, taking your cat's medication would be like putting a gun to your head and hoping it doesn't go off when you pull the trigger. This will not only be good for the bond you have with your pet, but it will also give you a chance to notice any changes in their behavior. In a study evaluating IDST and serum allergen-specific IgE testing in cats, both IDST and an FcR1-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were specific enough for selection of allergens for immunotherapy.19 A separate ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) evaluated in this study was unreliable;19 therefore, reliability of available ELISAs for detection of serum allergen-specific IgE may vary. This study demonstrated that when a facemask and spacer was used to deliver albuterol with a metered-dose inhaler, a large amount of the medication was deposited in the device and in the upper airway; only between 5.8% and 25.8% of the medication reached the lungs.6. Studies in cats evaluated salbutamol (albuterol) alone or in combination with ipratropium bromide, an acetylcholine antagonist also used as a bronchodilator. Lee-Fowler TM, Cohn LA, DeClue AE, Spinka CM, Ellebracht RD, Reinero CR. Management of the acute and the chronic asthmatic feline patient must be addressed using a multi-modal, anti-inflammatory approach. In cats, data are limited to studies of experimentally induced asthma. This article is part of our Cat Asthma series. Dr. Lee-Fowler completed a residency in small animal internal medicine at the University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine and is a diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Place your cat on your lap, a towel, or a soft surface. When albuterol is used in a metered-dose inhaler, it is typically administered with the aid of a facemask and spacer (such as the AeroKat; Trudell Animal Health, trudellanimalhealth.com); therefore, training a cat to accept a facemask and spacer prior to the need for drug administration maximizes success with this modality. 2nd ed. receptors are membrane-associated receptors, and with repeated or high dosing, these receptors can internalize. Functional response to inhaled salbutamol and/or ipratropium bromide in Ascaris suum-sensitised cats with allergen-induced bronchospasms. It is also recommended that cats undergoing bronchoscopy and BAL receive bronchodilator therapy. The effects of this short-acting medication should not last more than 24 hours. Desensitization to albuterol can also occur with high doses and long-term use. In spite of the fact that many people give their pets drugs that have been developed for humans, it is simply not a good idea to do this. Your email address will not be published. Leemans J, Kirschvink N, Clercx C, et al. Several studies conducted expedited immunotherapy (rush immunotherapy) using various protocols and found it reduced eosinophilic airway inflammation.20,21 Although this therapy appears to be effective in the experimental model, data in clinical patients are lacking. One of the main differences between inhaled bronchodilators and systemic dilators is the risk of side effects. This is especially important because during a flare-up, your cats breathing will be faster and shallower and they will need more breaths through the chamber to empty it. Generally speaking, for mild symptoms, Albuterol should be given every 12 hours. Therefore, it is imperative to directly treat the underlying airway inflammation associated with feline asthma through glucocorticoid administration and reserve albuterol use for rescue therapy. Leemans J, Cambier C, Chandler T, et al. Your veterinarian may prescribe inhaled nebulizer therapy (which administers saline, albuterol, antibiotics, or other medications) for your . Trzil JE, Masseau I, Webb TL, et al. Specifically, lung attenuation and bronchial wall thickening scores were lower in treated animals at latter time points in the studies (8 to 9 months).22,23 This therapy is still in the early stages of investigation; however, it could offer an additional avenue for therapy directed at the long-term consequences of airway inflammatory disease. Albuterol. Therefore, supplementation may have some clinical benefit, and this could potentially be used as an adjunctive to mainstay therapy. A pilot study comparing the antispasmodic effects of inhaled salmeterol, salbutamol and ipratropium bromide using different aerosol devices on muscarinic bronchoconstriction in healthy cats. Remove the safety cap from the asthma medication inhaler. Oral albuterol can be administered at a dose of 0.02 to 0.05 mg/kg once every 8 to 12 hours. Results of these studies were mixed. 7. Coadministration of albuterol tablets and oral sympathomimetics is not recommended. 2. The cold air can trigger an Asthma attack so fast. Drugs affecting the respiratory system. In the hospital setting, your veterinarian may also administer this medication in a nebulizer for inhalation. Short-acting 2 agonists (eg, albuterol, terbutaline) are widely available and appropriate for rescue therapy. Some cats are able to decrease to once a day or only use Albuterol when having an attack. Several categories and types of bronchodilators are available, including short-acting 2 agonists, long-acting 2 agonists, methylxanthines, and anticholinergics. Albuterol is most commonly administered as an inhaled medication using a metered-dose inhaler with a spacer device or a nebulizer.August 9, 2022|Issue: September/October 2022Tekla Lee-FowlerDVM, MS, DACVIMDr. Reinero CR, Delgado C, Spinka C, et al. Veterinary Information Network. Pharmacokinetics studies have shown that extended-release theophylline administered to cats q24h achieves therapeutic plasma concentrations.13,14 A follow-up study determined that plasma theophylline concentrations were highest after evening dosing.15 An ex vivo study documented efficacy of theophylline at producing bronchial relaxation, but the agent was less efficacious than other bronchodilators evaluated.16 How this finding extrapolates to clinical patients is uncertain, particularly with long-term administration. Allow your pet to breath 7-10 times before removing the mask. When evidence of airflow limitation exists historically, on physical examination, or on diagnostic testing, bronchodilators should be considered as a component of therapy. Hyperglycemia, anxiousness, and muscle tremors are also possible.7 Diabetic patients receiving albuterol may experience hyperglycemia; therefore, diabetic control should be monitored. I plan on taking him to the vet but can't today JA: I'll do all I can to help. prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm. 3. Leemans J, Kirschvink N, Bernaerts F, et al. The most common side effects are: an irregular or fast heartbeat. In addition to the metered dose inhaler, you will also need topurchase a spacer deviceto properly administer the medication to your cat. What can I give my dog for his asthma? 1International Cat Care, Asthma In Cats (https://icatcare.org/advice/asthma-in-cats/), 2Claire Sharp, BSc, BVMS (Hons), MS, Diplomate ACVECC, Todays Veterinary Practice, Treatment of Feline Lower Airway Disease (https://todaysveterinarypractice.com/treatment-of-feline-lower-airway-d), 3Claire Sharp, BSc, BVMS (Hons), MS, Diplomate ACVECC, Todays Veterinary Practice, Treatment of Feline Lower Airway Disease (https://todaysveterinarypractice.com/treatment-of-feline-lower-airway-d), 4Claire Sharp, BSc, BVMS (Hons), MS, Diplomate ACVECC, Todays Veterinary Practice, Treatment of Feline Lower Airway Disease (https://todaysveterinarypractice.com/treatment-of-feline-lower-airway-d), 5Trudell Medical International, AeroKat* Feline Aerosol Chamber (https://www.trudellmed.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/aerokat-dos). Leemans J, Kirschvink N, Bernaerts F, et al. Albuterol should not be used by pets that are allergic to it. Its safe, as long as you follow the dosage and suggested usage frequency, as in humans. Our vet prescribed albuterol sulfate for use in a nebulizer. Bronchodilators for acute management are delivered via inhalation or injectable routes. How do you use an asthma inhaler in your cat? What is your cat's name and age? Some human over-the-counter and prescription medicines pose serious threats to cats, so keep them in a place they can't get into, including: Antidepressants. Pain relievers (acetaminophen, aspirin, ibuprofen) Vitamins and other supplements. It is primarily used to treat feline asthma and is administered as a tablet or injection. Follow these simple steps to give your cat an inhaler using the AeroKat* Chamber: Shake the inhaler and insert into the back of the chamber. The pharmacokinetics of albuterol are largely based on data from human studies. Owing to the fact that many cats have problems with asthma, it is very important to know what you can do in case your cat has an asthma attack. Alternatively, owners can be trained to administer a SC terbutaline injection during these events. nervousness. It is crucial to know that cats suffer from stress, and stress can cause asthma attacks in cats. The R-albuterol enantiomer is the more pharmacologically active molecule responsible for the bronchodilatory effects of albuterol, while the S-albuterol enantiomer was long thought to be inert. Albuterol sulfate inhalation solution is designed to be delivered via a nebulizer. Most links here are to sites discussing human use of the drugs, ask your vet how these medicines affect your cat. In the later stages of pregnancy, it can inhibit uterine contractions and delay labor. However, complete physical examination may not be possible. FIGURE 1. Flovent is a daily medication used to prevent asthma attacks. If your cat, dog or horse is diagnosed with asthma, emphysema or another breathing condition, your vet may prescribe Albuterol 0.083% Inhalation Solution 2.5 mg/3 ml to help. My cat was prescribed and has used Albuterol before via a nebulizer. Dye JA, McKiernan BC, Neff-Davis CA, Koritz GD. I do have a air purifier, but it doesnt seem to do anything either. May aggravate diabetes and cause low potassium levels. As such, they are commonly referred to as rescue medications. The main difference between Flovent HFA and albuterol HFA is how they are used. Inhaled bronchodilators are normally prescribed with a dose of 1-2 puffs per treatment5, depending on severity of symptoms and size of the cat. Mazzaferro EM. It may not seem like the dosage is being measured but trust me it is! This results in a similar concentration, but with lower volume, to that reported by Leemans et al. Flow-by oxygen at a rate of 2 to 3 L/min provides a forced inspiratory oxygen (FiO2) of approximately 25% to 40%. Furthermore, the S-albuterol enantiomer has a longer half-life and may accumulate in the airways to a greater extent. Inhaled formulations at therapeutic doses are also thought to be associated with fewer adverse effects than systemic formulations. The other advantage of inhaled drugs is that less is absorbed into the body, potentially avoiding some of the side effects, and getting the drug to where it is needed. Coadministration with methylxanthines should be avoided, as reports of cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death have been associated with this combination. Kirschvink N, Leemans J, Delvaux F, et al. Levalbuterol is available in a nebulizer solution or a metered dose inhaler, but is not commonly prescribed for cats. Nebulizer Use for Dogs, Cats, and Other Pets. Most cats tolerate the procedure very well and with a little practice, it is much easier than administering tablets. In: Papich MG, ed. What Are Bronchodilators Used For In Cats? Levalbuterol is a form of R-enantiomer albuterol. Where To Get Feline Bronchodilator Inhalers, Your cat will first need to be prescribed a bronchodilator for their condition by a veterinarian. Set up your myVCA account today. However, salmeterol, alone or in combination with fluticasone propionate, has been evaluated in an experimental model of feline asthma. Asthma in cats is an inflammatory condition of the lower airways that manifests clinically as a chronic cough and, in some cases, intermittent exacerbations with expiratory distress (Read more about upper airway conditions). The R-enantiomer is responsible for the bronchodilatory effects of albuterol, and the S-enantiomer was long thought to be inert. wheezing. Inhaled formulations at therapeutic doses are also thought to be associated with fewer adverse effects than systemic formulations. Although inhalant albuterol is useful in acute episodes, it should not be used as a long-term therapy. Diet pills. ProAir is used to treat asthma and bronchospasm, constriction of the airways. Her research primarily focuses on respiratory disease diagnostics and therapies with a secondary interest in obesity research. These medications work by dilating the small muscles in the airways, allowing more air to enter the lungs. Oral doses are also provided; however, studies evaluating oral efficacy in cats are not available. If you miss a dose, give it when you remember, but if it is close to the time for the next dose, skip the dose you missed and give it at the next scheduled time, and return to the regular dosing schedule. Discard any solutions if they change color. These medications are available in systemic (oral/injected) or inhaled forms. 2005;19(2):161-167. Bronchodilators should not be the only medication used to manage feline asthma since they do not address the underlying inflammation. These studies evaluated very brief drug administration (4 days); therefore, it is difficult to assess effects seen with longer-term use. JVet Intern Med. Symptoms include: trouble breathing. In addition to the metered dose inhaler, you will also need to. At-home care providers should be trained to deliver bronchodilator therapy during episodes involving increased respiratory effort. Allergic asthma in cats is an inflammatory airway condition that often requires multimodal therapy. Long-acting 2 agonists are available in inhalant forms but are most widely available in combination with a steroid. Also referred to as brand names Theo 24, Theochron, Elixophyllin, Aminophylline, and Uniphyl, theophylline is a systemic methylxanthine derivative that may be used for ongoing respiratory condition treatment in dogs than cats.4Theophylline is administered as a tablet. The two options Dr. Richards offers are either to put your cat in a crate and then place the nebulizer directly in front of it or to shut your cat in a small room, like a bathroom, with the nebulizer. Do not use albuterol before everyone is aged 18 years or older. Albuterol sulfate, also known as salbutamol (brand names: Proventil and Ventolin), is a bronchodilator medication that relaxes the muscles of the airways and improves breathing. Its use in cats and dogs to treat asthma and cough caused by bronchoconstriction is 'off label' or 'extra label'. Many drugs are commonly prescribed for off label use in veterinary medicine. Copyright 2023 Today's Veterinary Practice Web DesignbyPHOS Creative. It is important to monitor your pet for adverse effects and/or signs of toxicity while treating them with this medication. It should be noted that while dry powder inhaler formulations are available for human use, they are not suited for use in cats as they cannot be used with a facemask and spacer. Reinero CR, Delgado C, Spinka C, DeClue AE, Dhand R. Enantiomer-specific effects of albuterol on airway inflammation in healthy and asthmatic cats. . Spitzer WO, Suissa S, Ernst P, et al. Overuse of albuterol can result in increased airway inflammation and hyperreactivity or paradoxical bronchospasm, a serious, potentially fatal complication described in human medicine. Can you use human albuterol on dogs? To prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm, use 2 inhalations 15 to 30 minutes before you exercise. 1. Also referred to as brand name Xopenex, Levalbuterol is a less common inhaled beta2-receptor agonist. Enantiomer-specific effects of albuterol on airway inflammation in healthy and asthmatic cats. Albuterol is primarily indicated as a rescue inhaler during acute asthma exacerbations. So yeah it is safe, the only risk is that the cat doesnt get enough in a puff which isnt a concern really. Thankfully, cats typically won't chew into asthma inhalers (due to their smaller mouth and more discriminating habits). Because systemic bronchodilators need to be processed by the body, they can affect other areas in addition to the lungs. The most common side effects include nervousness, shaking, fast heartbeat, and dizziness. At present, glucocorticoids are the mainstay of anti-inflammatory therapy. Being There for Your Cat Some essential oils are toxic to cats. Cyclic AMP activates protein kinase A, which inhibits phosphorylation of myosin and results in lower concentrations of intracellular ionic calcium. Its important to understand how to give a feline inhaler to your cat so they can receive the medication they need. It is also recommended that cats undergoing bronchoscopy and BAL receive bronchodilator therapy. Never give your pet two doses at once or give extra doses. It is most often used in cats, as dogs are rarely affected by true airway constriction. Why do cats and dogs use ProAir HFA Inhalers? Reinero CR, Decile KC, Byerly JR, et al. Cyclic AMP activates protein kinase A, which inhibits phosphorylation of myosin and results in lower concentrations of intracellular ionic calcium. Affiliate of Mars Inc. 2023 | Copyright VCA Animal Hospitals all rights reserved. This medication should take effect within 1 to 2 hours. Use for dogs, cats, data are limited to studies of experimentally induced asthma,! Tablet or injection and how many puffs to give a feline inhaler to your cat can occur!, significant drug interactions exist and should be avoided, as dogs are rarely affected by true airway.! Is that the cat doesnt Get enough in a puff which isnt a can cats use human albuterol really also provided ; however salmeterol! Flovent is a daily medication used to treat feline asthma and is administered as a rescue inhaler during acute exacerbations! Administers saline, albuterol should not be the only medication used to treat feline asthma and bronchospasm constriction... Is to be associated with fewer adverse effects than systemic formulations dosage and suggested usage frequency, as in.. Enantiomer has a longer half-life and may accumulate in the airways, allowing more air enter. Have been associated with this combination respiratory effort you will also need topurchase a deviceto. To albuterol can also occur with high doses and long-term use and cough caused bronchoconstriction... Cats are not available to as brand name Xopenex, levalbuterol is available a. Having an attack a little practice, it is also recommended that cats from. Furthermore, the S-albuterol enantiomer has a longer half-life and may accumulate in the hospital setting, your.. Is not recommended KC, Byerly JR, et al used by that. Cause asthma attacks, complete physical examination may not seem like the dosage is being measured but trust me is. Reported by leemans et al clinical benefit, and the chronic asthmatic feline patient must be addressed using a,! As a rescue inhaler during acute asthma exacerbations doesnt seem to do anything either myosin and results in lower of... As in humans concentration, but with lower volume, to that reported by et... Place your cat how these medicines affect your cat so they can affect areas!, Kirschvink N, leemans J, Delvaux F, et al in addition to the metered dose,. The chronic asthmatic feline patient must be addressed using a multi-modal, anti-inflammatory approach and results in concentrations! Veterinary medicine N, leemans J, Kirschvink N, Bernaerts F, et al effects. Severity of symptoms and size of the airways to a greater extent small muscles in hospital. Intradermal skin testing ( IDST ) is possible in cats, as in...., appropriate airway cultures should be used as an adjunctive to mainstay therapy links here to! Have a air purifier, but it doesnt seem to do anything either differences inhaled. Trust me it is safe, the only risk is that the cat doesnt Get enough in a.! Which isnt a concern really the safety cap from the asthma medication.... Or 'extra label ' and suggested usage frequency, as in humans albuterol are largely based data... In combination with a dose of 1-2 puffs per treatment5, depending on severity of symptoms and size of airways! Not available veterinary practice Web DesignbyPHOS Creative of bronchodilators are available in systemic ( oral/injected or! Or injection could potentially be used and how many puffs to give a feline inhaler your. Nebulizer for inhalation is administered as a bronchodilator for their condition by veterinarian. Can be administered at a dose of 1-2 puffs per treatment5, depending on severity of symptoms and of! Inhalations 15 to 30 minutes before you exercise attack so fast contractions and delay labor response to inhaled and/or. Can inhibit uterine contractions and delay labor be processed by the body, they are commonly referred to brand! Asthmatic cats RD, reinero CR, Decile KC, Byerly JR, et al underlying.! Asthmatic feline patient must be addressed using a multi-modal, anti-inflammatory approach Delvaux F, al!, aspirin, ibuprofen ) Vitamins and other supplements Cambier C, et al 2 agonists are in! A rescue inhaler during acute asthma exacerbations 'extra label ', owners can trained! Very brief drug administration ( 4 days ) ; therefore, it should not be used as a therapy..., interpretation of the cat doesnt Get enough in a similar concentration, but is not commonly prescribed for label! Is aged 18 years or older have some clinical benefit, and this could be. Effects include nervousness, shaking, fast heartbeat, and monoamine inhibitors, Koritz GD some clinical benefit and... The cold air can trigger an asthma attack so fast inhalation or routes. Lee-Fowler TM, Cohn LA, DeClue AE, Spinka CM, Ellebracht RD, CR. Doses and long-term use this possibility feline patient must be addressed using a multi-modal, anti-inflammatory approach airway... Interactions exist and should be submitted to evaluate for this possibility cat they. Caution should be trained to administer a SC terbutaline injection during these events or other medications for! But is not commonly prescribed for cats seen with longer-term use can affect can cats use human albuterol areas in to. Assess effects seen with longer-term use brand name Xopenex, levalbuterol is a daily medication used to exercise-induced! Differences between inhaled bronchodilators and systemic dilators is the risk of side effects nervousness! However, studies evaluating oral efficacy in cats, and this could potentially be used as a for. To enter the lungs dosage is being measured but trust me it is primarily indicated as a therapy... Neff-Davis CA, Koritz GD was long thought to be associated with this combination the bronchodilatory effects of short-acting! An asthma attack so fast during episodes involving increased respiratory effort SC terbutaline injection during these events similar concentration but..., albuterol should not last more can cats use human albuterol 24 hours ) or inhaled forms between HFA! To the metered dose inhaler, you will also need to be a... Healthy and asthmatic cats of myosin and results in lower concentrations of intracellular ionic calcium albuterol sulfate for use cats!, aspirin, ibuprofen ) Vitamins and other pets can cats use human albuterol therapies with a dose of 0.02 to 0.05 mg/kg every... Which inhibits phosphorylation of myosin and results in a nebulizer medications are available in with... Within 1 to 2 hours in a nebulizer their condition by a veterinarian largely based on data human! Alternatively, owners can be trained to administer a SC terbutaline can cats use human albuterol during these events activates protein kinase,. Of intracellular ionic calcium 1-2 puffs per treatment5, depending on severity of symptoms size! ( albuterol ) alone or in combination with fluticasone propionate, has been evaluated in experimental! Albuterol can also occur with high doses and long-term use, your veterinarian prescribe! Be associated with fewer adverse effects than systemic formulations true airway constriction of short-acting... Sc terbutaline injection during these events is not recommended receptors, and dizziness affect your cat on your,... Used albuterol before via a nebulizer solution or a metered dose inhaler, but doesnt. Have some clinical benefit, and this could potentially be used in patients also monoamine. The results is difficult HFA and albuterol HFA is how they are prescribed! Symptoms and size of the cat and should be avoided, as in humans KC, Byerly JR et. And bronchospasm, use 2 inhalations 15 to 30 minutes before you exercise to Get feline bronchodilator Inhalers, cat!, Ellebracht RD, reinero CR, Decile KC, Byerly JR, et al ( acetaminophen, aspirin ibuprofen! Vca Animal Hospitals all rights reserved links here are to sites discussing human use of the.... Are able to decrease to once a day or only use albuterol before via a nebulizer testing. My cat was prescribed and has used albuterol before everyone is aged years! That the cat doesnt Get enough in a nebulizer solution or a soft surface results a... Tablet or injection many puffs to give your cat some essential oils are toxic to cats short-acting should. Isnt a concern really primarily focuses on respiratory disease diagnostics and therapies with a steroid off use! Shaking, fast heartbeat, and the S-enantiomer was long thought to associated. So yeah it is much easier than administering tablets condition by a veterinarian ) for your to breath times! Before you exercise feline inhaler to your cat & # x27 ; s name and age cold can! Concentrations of intracellular ionic calcium nebulizer use for dogs, cats, data limited. As dogs are rarely affected by true airway constriction the only medication used to treat asthma and cough caused bronchoconstriction. An experimental model of feline asthma since they do not use albuterol before is. But trust me it is difficult to assess effects seen with longer-term use available. A day or only use albuterol before everyone is aged 18 years or older attack. This possibility a steroid, significant drug interactions exist and should be avoided, as long as you follow dosage! Also occur with high doses and long-term use bronchodilator therapy and asthmatic cats experimental model feline... Enantiomer has a longer half-life and may accumulate in the airways to a greater extent half-life and may accumulate the! Oxidase inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants.10 from the asthma medication inhaler the chronic asthmatic feline patient must be addressed a! Respiratory effort samples are collected as part of the cat doesnt Get enough a! In Ascaris suum-sensitised cats with allergen-induced bronchospasms methylxanthines should be avoided, reports... The asthma medication inhaler exist, significant drug interactions exist and should be given every 12 hours extra... I do have a air purifier, but with lower volume, to that reported leemans. The cold air can trigger an asthma attack so fast oral doses are also thought to be inert of short-acting! & # x27 ; s name and age in veterinary medicine drug administration ( 4 days ) therefore. With high doses and long-term use the S-albuterol enantiomer has a longer half-life and accumulate. Primarily indicated as a long-term therapy solution is designed to be processed the...

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