No person shall operate a bicycle upon or along a sidewalk or across a roadway upon and along a crosswalk if such operation is prohibited by any ordinance of any city, town or borough or by any regulation of the State Traffic Commission. Ann. Wyoming requires that the driver of a motor vehicle overtaking and passing a bicycle, which is operating lawfully, proceeding in the same direction shall, when space allows, maintain at least a three (3) foot separation between the right side of the driver's motor vehicle, including all mirrors and other projections from the motor vehicle, and the bicycle. It is important to note that "highway" refers to most roads in Kentucky and does not mean that these regulations only apply to limited-access or high-speed roads. Sources: Ark. Twenty-six states (Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin and Wyoming) have created a three-tiered e-bike classification system intended to differentiate between models with varying speed capabilities. A farm tractor or similar vehicle designed primarily for farm use; 10. Use a cellular telephone or other handheld wireless communications device to engage in voice communications with another person, unless using a hands-free device, other than to activate, deactivate or initiate a feature or function on the device. New Hampshire requires that no person open the door of a vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. 14-212; 14-227a. In the Official Code of the District of Columbia, bicycles are defined as vehicles. When reasonably necessary to leave the bike lane because the bike lane is overlaid with a right turn lane, merge lane, or other marking that breaks the continuity of the bike lane. 41-6a-208; 10-8-69. When riding upon a one-way street or highway with two or more marked lanes of travel, in which case a bicyclist may ride as close as is safe to the left-hand curb or edge of the street or highway. In Pennsylvania, bicycles are defined as vehicles. Overall, at least six statesAlabama, Alaska, Massachusetts, Missouri, New Mexico and North Dakotarequire a license to operate an e-bike, typically because they still fall under the designation of another motorized vehicle classification with licensure and registration requirements and have not had a distinct e-bike law created. Alabama requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. Any bicycle found and delivered to the police or sheriff's department by a private person that thereafter remains unclaimed for thirty days after the final date of the required publicized notice may be given to the finder. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. New Jersey Department of Transportation Compilation of laws: Safe Routes to Schools New Jersey Compilation of laws: It is a traffic violation for any holder of a provisional license to use a mobile communication device while driving a motor vehicle. manipulate an application from a handheld wireless communication device. In Massachusetts bicycles are not vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles, but a person riding a bicycle upon a way has the right to use all public ways except where prohibited by sign, and shall be subject to the traffic laws and regulations of the commonwealth and the special regulations contained section 11B of Chapter 85 of the Massachusetts General Laws. that no person shall ride a bicycle upon a sidewalk within the Central Business District except on those sidewalks expressly designated by Order of the Mayor. The District of Columbia requires that any person under the age of 16 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. Rev. Stat. ), available here: https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/prefaces/toc. Source: Alaska Admin. Ann. In addition no person shall transport a child under the age of one year as a passenger on a bicycle except on a bicycle trailer or in an infant sling and such child transported in a bicycle trailer or infant sling is wearing a bicycle helmet. A person operating or riding on an agricultural tractor, A person using a wheelchair or motorized chair, or. This prohibition applies to bicycles since they are defined as vehicles in Alabama and there are no other statutes which authorize the use of bicycles on sidewalks. In fact a new law was passed in 2000 which specifically addresses law enforcement interactions with bicyclists who are under the influence. Idaho requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on a side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. No operator of a motor vehicle shall use a mobile telephone, or any handheld device capable of accessing the internet, to manually compose, send or read an electronic message while operating a motor vehicle; No person under 18 years of age shall use a mobile telephone, hands-free mobile telephone or mobile electronic device while operating a motor vehicle on any public way; and. Money from such plates goes into a fund to enhance public awareness of the rights and responsibilities of bicyclists and motorists and to promote bicycle use and safety. If the individual operating a bicycle is involved in a collision with a vehicle in the intersection or junction of roadways after proceeding past a stop sign without stopping or past a steady red traffic - control light, the collision is deemed prima facie evidence of the individual's failure to yield the right of way. Source: Mass. Law), available herehttp://public.leginfo.state.ny.us/lawssrch.cgi?NVLWO: North Carolina does not have a law that sets a specific distance for a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle. However, Texas has designated April as Child Safety Month which, amongst other things, promotes ways to reduce accidental injury and death through the use of bicycle helmets. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Louisiana are generally found in Title 32 of the Louisiana Revised Statutes (La. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute, which you can find here.Source: N/A, Alabama has passed a law prohibiting writing, sending, or reading text messages on an electronic device while operating a motor vehicle. Stat. Code Ann. Wyoming also empowers localities to enact a registration fee as part of any local ordinances governing the operation, registration and licensure of non-electric bicycles and e-bikes. For more information on such plates please visit: http://www.dmv.virginia.gov/exec/vehicle/splates/info.asp?idnm=BIKW. On roads where the speed limit is more than 25 . Ohio requires that no person open the door of a vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. No person shall drive a motor vehicle on any highway while using an electronic communication device while such motor vehicle is in motion, unless such person uses a hands-free electronic communication device while utilizing hands-free equipment and such person does not hold the hands-free electronic communication device in such person's hand or hands. 577.010; 300.010. A motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle according to this law may partially cross the highway centerline or the dividing line between two lanes of travel in the same direction if it can be performed safely. A roadway without a marked bicycle lane if the roadway has a marked speed limit of 45 miles per hour or less and the roadway does not have a double yellow line separating cars from oncoming traffic indicating a no passing zone. Source: N.D. A bicycle may be ridden far enough to the left to prevent overtaking vehicles from attempting to pass in the same lane; (d) Approaching an intersection or driveway where right-turn movements are permitted. 2023 by National Conference of State Legislatures, Three-Tiered E-Bike Classification System, Registration, Licensure, & Insurance Requirements, Autonomous Vehicles State Bill Tracking Database. Indiana does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. In Virginia bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of a driver of a vehicle, unless the context of a provision clearly indicates otherwise. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. Vulnerable users are protected by laws requiring: Source: Vt. Stat. In addition, every person riding a bicycle upon a public way has all of the rights and duties of a driver of a vehicle, except those provisions that by their nature can have no application and when otherwise specified under the vehicle code. ), available here http://legisweb.state.wy.us/statutes/statutes.aspx?file=titles/Title31/Title31.htm. Nevertheless bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated. When overtaking and passing another bicycle or any other vehicle proceeding in the same direction; When conditions make the right-hand edge of the roadway unsafe or reasonably unusable by bicycles, including if the lane is too narrow to permit a vehicle to safely overtake and pass a bicycle; When operating a bicycle in a lane in which the traffic is turning right but the individual intends to go straight through the intersection; and. Mississippi requires that every bicyclist operating a bicycle, at a speed less than the speed of traffic, upon a roadway ride as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway except under any of the following conditions: Mississippi does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. Failure to wear a bicycle helmet shall not be considered evidence of either comparative or contributory negligence in any civil suit arising out of any accident in which a person under 18 years of age is injured, nor shall failure to wear a bicycle helmet be admissible as evidence in the trial of any civil action. Missouri Department of Transportation Compilation of laws: St. Joseph Area Transportation Study Organization Bicycle pamphlet: Missouri Bicycle and Pedestrian Federation Legal resources: Intentionally interfere with the movement of a person who is lawfully riding a bicycle; or. Ch. The comparative negligence statutes of Louisiana shall apply in these cases as in all other cases of negligence. Louisiana requires that bicyclists ride as close as practicable to the right-hand edge of the roadway except under any of the following circumstances: Louisiana does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. Rev. With respect to speed, the research is mixed and somewhat inconclusive thus far with regards to the typical speed of e-bikes and how much that differs from traditional bicycles. Additionally, note that: The bicycle has been brought to a complete stop; The traffic-control signal continues to show a red light for an unreasonable time; The traffic-control signal is apparently malfunctioning or, if programmed or engineered to change to a green light only after detecting the approach of a motor vehicle, the signal has apparently failed to detect the arrival of the bicycle; and. If you are interested in bicycling education videos, check out our Smart Cycling videos. When necessary to avoid hazardous conditions, including those caused by a lane that is too narrow for a bicycle and a vehicle to travel safely side by side in the lane. The law defined a low-speed electric bicycle as A two- or three-wheeled vehicle with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than 750 watts (1 h.p. Avoiding the door zone of a parked vehicle; or. Source: Mo. The District of Columbia does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. Ann. New Mexico provides that its state traffic laws shall not be deemed to prevent local authorities, with respect to streets and highways under their jurisdiction and within the reasonable exercise of the police power, from regulating the operation of bicycles and requiring their registration and licensing, including the requirement of a registration fee. without a reasonable margin of safety on the right side of the roadway. State legislation has focused on three dynamics: The District of Columbia (D.C.) and 44states in some manner define an electric bicycle: Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin and Wyoming. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute, which you can find here: http://www.bikeleague.org/legacy/action/bikelaws/modellaws.php. Nebraska has no helmet law. A person shall not operate a bicycle along and upon a sidewalk or across a highway upon and along a crosswalk, where the use of bicycles is prohibited by official traffic control devices. Transp. Source: Pennsylvania Bicycle Drivers Manual, available at http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/ped_bike/docs/pamanual.pdf. In Michigan bicycles are not vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles, but a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle as provided in Chapter 257 of the Michigan Code, except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application. In South Dakota bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles. 801 (#80-8-14). Source: Okla. Stat. Source: Or. Roller skis. When a bicyclist is operating on a sidewalk or crosswalk a bicyclist shall have the rights and duties of a pedestrian in the same circumstances. Alabama, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Oregon, Rhode Island, Tennessee and D.C. require riders under age 16 to wear a helmet. The operator of a motor vehicle shall not overtake or pass a bicycle proceeding in the same direction on a highway at a distance of less than three feet between any part of the motor vehicle and any part of the bicycle or its operator. Rev. Massachusetts provides that except where its state traffic laws provide a rule, a city or town may make ordinances or bylaws, or the board of aldermen or the selectmen or the town council may make rules and orders, for the regulation of carriages and vehicles, and may set penalties for the violation thereof; and may set and receive an annual fee for each license granted to a person to use any such carriage or vehicle. Law 159; 1231. Code Ann. ), available here: http://www.le.state.ut.us/Documents/code_const.htm. Vermont requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side nearest to moving traffic unless it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of traffic. Oklahoma requires that every bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as close as is safe to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway, except under any of the following situations: Oklahoma does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. ), available here http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/. 542.202; 217.003. Texas does provide enhanced penalties when a person driving hits a person operating a bicycle in a crosswalk and causes bodily injury or serious bodily injury. Washington requires that every person operating a bicycle upon a roadway, at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as near to the right side of the right through lane as is safe except as may be appropriate while: In addition, a person operating a bicycle upon a roadway which carries traffic in one direction only and has two or more marked traffic lanes, may ride as near to the left side of the left through lane as is safe. Alaska does not explicitly provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. Stat. The following information highlights 13 areas of law that may minimize that risk and have the potential to reduce conflicts between bikes and cars (and other traffic). Mississippi does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Roller skates;6. The failure to wear a required helmet shall not be used as evidence of contributory negligence in any civil action. No person shall operate any motor vehicle upon any public road or highway of this state while using a wireless telecommunications device to write, send, or read a text-based communication; No person who holds a Class "E" learner's license or intermediate license shall operate a motor vehicle on any public road or highway of this state while using any wireless telecommunications device to engage in a call, unless the wireless telecommunications device is a hands-free wireless telephone; and. Nevada Bicycle Laws - An Overview. Nevertheless bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated. For more information on such plates please visit: http://www.dot.wisconsin.gov/drivers/vehicles/personal/special/harley-davidson.htm. A person operating a bicycle approaching a steady red light shall: Make a complete stop before entering the intersection, and yield the right-of-way to all oncoming traffic that constitutes an immediate hazard during the time that he or she is moving across or within the intersection. New Mexico does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. Oklahoma does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. To travel no more than two abreast when traffic is not impeded. Since that decision there has been no amendment to make the law mentioned in this section applicable to bicyclists. Code Ann. However, in no event shall failure to wear a protective bicycle helmet be admissible as evidence in a trial of any civil action. For more information on such plates please visit: http://pccsc.net/licenseplate.php. Stat. Vermont's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies only to motor vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. E-bikes resemble traditional bicycles in both appearance and operation and do not function similarly to mopeds, scooters and other motorized vehicles. 29-A 2116; 2118; 2119. The bicycle may be reclaimed by the bicycle rider when the bicycle rider no longer appears to be intoxicated, or by an individual who can establish ownership of the bicycle. overtaking and passing another bicycle or vehicle proceeding in the same direction; preparing to make a left turn at an intersection or into a private road or driveway; traveling straight through an intersection that has a right-turn only lane that is in conflict with the straight through movement; or. 265-A:2; 259:122. Overtaking and passing another bicycle, a vehicle or a pedestrian that is in the bicycle lane or path and passage cannot safely be made in the lane or path; Preparing to execute a left turn at an intersection or into a private road or driveway; Avoiding debris or other hazardous conditions; Preparing to execute a right turn where a right turn is authorized; and. No person shall operate a motor vehicle upon a highway while using a hand-held mobile telephone to engage in a call or while using a mobile electronic device while such vehicle is in motion, An operator of a motor vehicle may not type, send or read a text message with a hand-held mobile telephone or mobile electronic device while such vehicle is in motion, No person shall use a hand-held mobile telephone or other electronic device, including those with hands-free accessories, or a mobile electronic device while operating a moving school bus that is carrying passengers, No person under eighteen years of age shall use any hand-held mobile telephone, including one with a hands-free accessory, or a mobile electronic device while operating a moving motor vehicle on a public highway. It is legal for all persons of any age to operate a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a municipal regulation. Source: Ga. Code Ann. New Hampshire does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. Colorado currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Sources: Colo. Rev. While Kentucky also lacks a definition for e-bikes, the Department of Transportation passed an administrative regulation in 2015 that brought e-bikes within the scope of the states bicycle regulations. An operator may not use a wireless communication device while operating a motor vehicle within a school crossing zone unless the vehicle is stopped; or the wireless communication device is used with a hands-free device. Code Ann., Transp. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Missouri are generally found in the Missouri Revised Statutes (Mo. However,a studyof the University of Tennessee-Knoxvilles e-bike sharing system did not find much difference in the average travel speeds and the average top speeds for e-bikes versus traditional bikes and stated in its finding that With few exceptions, riders of e-bike behave very similarly to riders of bicycles. A2016 studyexamining the relative probability of an e-bike versus a conventional bike to be involved in a traffic conflict did note that there was a higher risk of conflict at an intersection for e-bikes, because of higher speeds approaching an intersection. South Dakota does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. Colorado Department of Transportation Bike-Ped Manual: A person using a skateboard, roller skates or in-line skates. Source: D.C. Code 50-2201.02(9); D.C. Code Mun. Failure to wear a protective helmet shall not limit or apportion damages. Arkansas requires that the driver of a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle proceeding in the same direction on a roadway shall exercise due care and pass to the left at a safe distance of not less than three feet and shall not again drive to the right side of the roadway until safely clear of the overtaken bicycle. New York City Department of Transportation Bicycling resources: Transportation Alternatives Bicycling resources: New York Bicycling Coalition Bicycle Law resources: It shall be unlawful for any person to operate a vehicle on a public street or highway or public vehicular area while using a mobile telephone to: Manually enter multiple letters or text in the device as a means of communicating with another person; or. Alaska's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to only "motor vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft" and therefore does not apply to bicyclists. Idaho has modified its laws to accommodate bicyclists approaching stop signs and red lights as follows: Idaho does not specifically provide for local authorities to regulate the operation of bicycles or require registration of bicycles, although such authorities may regulate the operation of bicycles through the exercise of their other legal powers. It is legal for all persons of any age to operate a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a municipal regulation. The operator of a bicycle yields the right-of-way to any vehicular or other traffic proceeding through a green signal at the intersection or crosswalk. The failure to wear a required helmet is not admissible as evidence of negligence or contributory negligence or comparative negligence in any civil action or proceeding for damages, and shall not be admissible in mitigation of damages. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. In addition, no person may leave a door of a vehicle open on the side of moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. Source: Md. Alabama's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to all vehicles and therefore applies to bicyclists. When the lane is too narrow to share safely with a motor vehicle, When traveling at the same speed as traffic, or. California Department of Motor Vehicles Safety Tips for Bicyclists and Motorists: California Department of Transportation Bicycle Codes, Laws, and Regulations: California Highway Patrol Bicycle Riding brochure: Compilation of laws by Sacramento Area Bicycling Advocates: Compilation of laws by Los Angeles Department of Transportation: Compilation of laws by California Bicycle Coalition: Any person who knowingly projects any object or substance at or against a bicyclist commits a class 2 misdemeanor. Ch.90, 14; Mass. Kentucky does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. tit. No person shall drive a motor vehicle with an image display device intended to be visible to the driver in a normal driving position when the vehicle is in motion and when restrained by the vehicle seat belts adjusted in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. tit. Virginia's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to motor vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Except as otherwise provided, a person operating a bicycle upon a sidewalk or a crosswalk has all the rights and duties applicable to a pedestrian under the same circumstances. Obey all traffic signs and signals. Minnesota requires that the operator of a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle proceeding in the same direction on the roadway shall leave a safe distance, but in no case less than three feet clearance, when passing the bicycle and shall maintain clearance until safely past the overtaken bicycle. Stat. Transp. Stat. Oregon allows a bicyclist to proceed through an intersection controlled by a flashing red light or stop sign without stopping by slowing to a safe speed as long as the bicyclist does not: 1) fail to yield the right of way to traffic in or approaching the intersection, 2) disobey the direction of a police officer, 3) fail to exercise due car to avoid a crash, or 4) fail to yield the right of way to a pedestrian. At the same speed as traffic, or that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of bicycles the... Handheld wireless communication device without a reasonable margin of safety on the right side of roadway! In-Line skates the roadway information on such plates please visit: http: //www.dot.wisconsin.gov/drivers/vehicles/personal/special/harley-davidson.htm have a statute that authorizes! In-Line skates ; or at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Sources: Rev. 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