Just seven days after taking Uruk, the Assyrians and Babylonians met in battle at Nippur, where the Assyrians won a decisive victory; routing the Elamite-Babylonian army and capturing Nergal-ushezib, finally free from their entrapped position in the south. Reade believes that the collapse of the Assyrian Empire within seventy years of Sennacherib's death can be partly attributed to later kings ignoring Sennacherib's policies and reforms. Evidence of the increased standing of the royal women includes the larger number of texts referencing Assyrian queens from Sennacherib's reign compared to queens of earlier times, and evidence that Sennacherib's queens had their own standing military units, just like the king. In several places, Sennacherib's great intelligence is emphasized, for instance in the passage, "the god Ninshiku gave me wide understanding equal to (that of) the sage Adapu (and) endowed me with broad knowledge". Sin-a-eriba, "Sin has increased (or replaced) the (lost) brothers."King of Assyria and Babylonia, 705-681 b.c.. 1. The ancient Aramaic story of Ahikar portrays Sennacherib as a benevolent patron of the titular character Ahikar, with Esarhaddon portrayed more negatively. Both the blockade of Jerusalem and the siege of Lachish probably prevented further Egyptian aid from reaching Hezekiah, and intimidated the kings of other smaller states in the region. Brinkman believed that Sennacherib's change in attitude came from a will to avenge his son and tiring of a city well within the borders of his empire repeatedly rebelling against his rule. [104][105] Sennacherib's decision to keep his birth name when he became king rather than assuming a throne name, something at least 19 of his 21 immediate predecessors had done, suggests self-confidence. In his stead, Sennacherib proclaimed a noble by the name Ethbaal as the new king of Sidon and his vassal and oversaw the submission of many of the surrounding cities to his rule. [94], Sennacherib forced Arda-Mulissu to swear loyalty to Esarhaddon, but Arda-Mulissu made many appeals to his father to reinstate him as heir. Sennacherib's generals led other small campaigns without the king present, including a 698BC expedition against Kirua, an Assyrian governor revolting in Cilicia, and a 695BC campaign against the city of Tegarama. From the sources, it appears that bad news easily enraged Sennacherib and that he developed serious psychological problems. [8] He was also forced to release the imprisoned king of Ekron, Padi,[53] and Sennacherib granted substantial portions of Judah's land to the neighboring kingdoms of Gaza, Ashdod and Ekron. Sennacherib claims in his annals that Humban-undasha was killed and that the enemy kings fled for their lives whereas the Babylonian chronicles claim that it was the Assyrians who retreated. [93] Despite his dismissal, Arda-Mulissu remained a popular figure, and some vassals secretly supported him as the heir to the throne. . [98] Their names were: A small tablet excavated at Nineveh lists the names of mythological Mesopotamian heroes, such as Gilgamesh, and some personal names. The Assyriologist Josette Elayi considers it more plausible Sennacherib's mother was another of Sargon's wives, Ra'm; a stele from Assur (once the capital of Assyria), discovered in 1913, specifically refers to her as the "mother of Sennacherib". 701. Sennacherib. [18], Sennacherib's name, Sn-a-erba, means "Sn (the moon-god) has replaced the brothers" in Akkadian. The outcome of the Battle of Halule is unclear since the records of both sides claim a great victory. [7] Marduk-apla-iddina rallied large portions of Babylonia's people to fight for him, both the urban Babylonians and the tribal Chaldeans, and he also enlisted troops from the neighboring civilization of Elam, in modern-day south-western Iran. His most famous work in the city is the Southwest Palace, which Sennacherib named his "Palace without Rival". In the Aggadah According to the biblical account, the Assyrian envoys to Hezekiah returned to Sennacherib to find him engaged in a struggle with the city of Libnah. Sennacherib was born around 740 BCE. [71] In 1973, the Assyriologist John A. Brinkman wrote that it was likely that the southerners won the battle, though probably suffering many casualties, since both of Sennacherib's enemies still remained on their respective thrones after the fighting. [6] According to a 670BC document, it was illegal to give the name Sennacherib (then the former king) to a commoner in Assyria, as it was considered sacrilege. After the Assyrians had seized many of Judah's most important fortified cities and destroyed several towns and villages, Hezekiah realized that his anti-Assyrian activities had been disastrous military and political miscalculations and accordingly submitted to the Assyrians once more. The Assyrians thus invaded Judah. [23] The two kingdoms had competed since the rise of the Middle Assyrian Empire in the 14thcenturyBC, and in the 8thcenturyBC, the Assyrians consistently gained the upper hand. His name appears in the 'Old Testament' of the 'Bible.'. Sennacherib figures prominently in the Old Testament. Historically, the most popular view has been that Sennacherib was the son of Sargon's wife Ataliya, although this is now considered unlikely. [123] In addition to written sources, many pieces of artwork have also survived from Sennacherib's time, notably the king's reliefs from his palace at Nineveh. He was forced to pay a heavier tribute than previously, probably along with a heavy penalty and the tribute that he had failed to send to Nineveh from 705 to 701BC. Ultimately, Sennacherib decided to destroy Babylon. Sennacherib was the king of Assyria from 704-681 BC and was famous for his building projects. Sennacherib immediately abandoned Sargon's great new capital city, Dur-Sharrukin, and moved the capital to Nineveh instead. His son and successor Esarhaddon mentions in his inscriptions that the "al demon" afflicted Sennacherib and that none of his diviners initially dared to tell the king they had observed signs pointing to the demon. The reign of Assyrian king Sennacherib (705-681 BCE) was chiefly characterized by his difficulties with Babylon. The roof of the palace was constructed with cypress and cedar recovered from the mountains in the west, and the palace was illuminated through multiple windows and decorated with silver and bronze pegs on the inside and glazed bricks on the outside. [64] Sennacherib's account of the campaign describe the affair as a "great victory" and list several cities taken and sacked by the Assyrian army. He never disobeyed his father, and his letters indicate he knew Sargon well and wanted to please him. Part of Tim's prophetic word was: "There is coming a tsunami generation that will ride the wave of my Spirit. For further details see *Mesopotamia. [75] Although Sennacherib had once anxiously considered the implications of Sargon's seizure of Babylon and the role that the city's offended gods may have played in his father's downfall, his attitude towards the city had shifted by 689 BC. [62] They then sailed across the Persian Gulf, a journey which Sennacherib's inscriptions indicate was difficult since repeated sacrifices were made to Ea, the god of the deep. Sennacherib assumed several new epithets never used by Assyrian kings, such as "guardian of the right" and "lover of justice", suggesting a desire to leave a personal mark on a new era beginning with his reign. With the aid of surviving Chaldean troops, Hallutash-Inshushinak took the city of Sippar, where he also managed to capture Ashur-nadin-shumi and take him back to Elam. [33] A minor 704BC[34] campaign (unmentioned in Sennacherib's later historical accounts), led by Sennacherib's magnates rather than the king himself, was sent against Gurd in Tabal to avenge Sargon. [63], Successfully landing on the Elamite coast, the Assyrians then hunted and attacked the Chaldean refugees, something that both Babylonian and Assyrian sources hold went well for the Assyrians. Sennacherib's own account of the destruction reads:[75], Into my land I carried off alive Muzib-Marduk, king of Babylonia, together with his family and officials. Sennacherib's troops seems to have been remembered later, in a greatly mod-ified form, by the Greek historian Herodotus (Histories, 2.141), who recount-ed that: "Sennacherib . Though Sargon's reliefs usually show the king as close to other members of the Assyrian aristocracy, Sennacherib's art usually depicts the king towering above everyone else in his vicinity due to being mounted in a chariot. [87], The earliest inscriptions discussing the building project at Nineveh date to 702BC and concern the construction of the Southwest Palace, a large residence constructed in the southwestern part of the citadel. In Hebrew, his name was rendered as Snryb and in Aramaic it was nryb. The Assyrian king Sennacherib trained eagles for warfare. Panels 14-16 Two of his wives are known by nameTashmetu-sharrat (Tametu-arrat)[97] and Naqi'a (Naqi). [8] Sargon had ruled Babylonia since 710BC, when he defeated the Chaldean tribal chief Marduk-apla-iddinaII, who had taken control of the south in the aftermath of the death of Sargon's predecessor ShalmaneserV in 722BC. [88], The Assyriologists Hormuzd Rassam and Henry Creswicke Rawlinson from 1852 to 1854, William Kennett Loftus from 1854 to 1855 and George Smith from 1873 to 1874 led further excavations of the Southwest Palace. Cotton plants may have been imported from as far away as India. The Assyrians often represented men with eagles heads, and frequently portrayed an eagle-headed figure overcoming a lion, or bull, which, as Mr. Layard suggests, "may denote the superiority of intellect over the lower faculties." Sennacherib (d.681 bc) King of Assyria (704-681 bc). Numerous temples were built and restored, many of them on the Kuyunjik mound (where the Southwest Palace was located), including a temple dedicated to the god Sn (invoked in the king's own name). Kutur-Nahhunte could not organize an efficient defense against the Assyrians and refused to fight them, instead fleeing to the mountain city of Haidalu. The reasons for his policy towards his female relatives are unknown. For most of Sennacherib's reign, the queen was Tashmetu-sharrat, whose name literally means "Tashmetum is queen". Sennacherib , (died January 681 bc), King of Assyria (r. 705/704-681 bc), son and successor of Sargon II.Between 703 and 689 he undertook six campaigns against Elam (southwestern Iran), which was stirring up Chaldean and Aramaean tribes in Babylonia; Babylon was sacked during the last campaign. They also served as intimidating tools for propaganda and psychological warfare. Many of Sennacherib's reliefs are exhibited today at the Vorderasiatisches Museum, the British Museum, the Iraq Museum in Baghdad, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Louvre in Paris. The rooms and courtyards of his Neo-Assyrian Southwest Palace at Nineveh were decorated with a series of detailed carved stone panels. [32], After the Babylonian war, Sennacherib's second campaign was in the Zagros Mountains. After they had destroyed the city, the Assyrians deported the survivors to the Assyrian Empire, forcing some of them to work on Sennacherib's building projects, and others to serve in the king's personal guard. Though old native Babylonians ruled most of the cities, such as Kish, Ur, Uruk, Borsippa, Nippur, and Babylon itself, Chaldean tribes led by chieftains who often squabbled with each other dominated most of the southernmost land. As regent, Sennacherib's primary duty was to maintain relations with Assyrian governors and generals and oversee the empire's vast military intelligence network. Caught in a dreadful quandary, the priest [Sethos, who was also Pharaoh] entered the Other types of non-royal inscriptions from Sennacherib's reign, such as administrative documents, economic documents and chronicles, are more numerous. Because Babylon, well within his own territory, had been the target of most of his military campaigns and had caused the death of his son, Sennacherib destroyed the city in 689BC. Determined to end the threat of Elam, Sennacherib retook the city of Der, occupied by Elam during the previous conflict, and advanced into northern Elam. Some months later, the Assyrians attacked and captured the southern city of Uruk. [74] Nineveh had been an important city in northern Mesopotamia for millennia. Shortly after Sennacherib inherited the throne in 705BC, Marduk-apla-iddina retook Babylon and allied with the Elamites. [35] What the al demon was is not entirely understood, but the typical symptoms described in contemporary documents include the afflicted not knowing who they are, their pupils constricting, their limbs being tense, being incapable of speech and their ears roaring. Thankful, Sinharib then converts to Christianity and founds an important monastery near Mosul, called Deir Mar Mattai. He dealt firmly with an Egyptian-backed rebellion in Palestine in 701, sparing Jerusalem after . Sennacherib's annals locate that encounter at Eltekeh in Philistia, while his army was on its way from Joppa to Ekron. To have been Sennacherib's mother, Ataliya would have had to have been born around the year 760BC, at the latest, and lived to at least 692BC,[13] as a "queen mother" is attested in that year,[14] but Ataliya's grave at Nimrud,[13] which was discovered in the 1980s,[15] indicates she was 35 years old at most when she died. The reasons for this are debated, but it is known that a short time later, Judah was once again paying tribute to the Assyrian Empire. [37], Portions of the Assyrian army were away in Tabal in 704BC. [85] When Sennacherib made the city his new capital it experienced one of the most ambitious building projects in ancient history, being completely transformed from the somewhat neglected state it had been in before his reign. Sennacherib (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: Sn-ahh-erba[3] or Sn-a-erba,[4] meaning "Sn has replaced the brothers")[5][6][a] was the king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from the death of his father SargonII in 705BC to his own death in 681BC. [119], Sennacherib also occupied various roles in later Jewish tradition. Today, many such inscriptions are known, most of them housed in the collections of the Vorderasiatisches Museum in Berlin and the British Museum in London, though many are located throughout the world in other institutions and private collections. Shortly after taking the throne, Esarhaddon executed all of the conspirators and political enemies within his reach, including his brothers' families. Sennacherib, Akkadian Sin-akhkheeriba, (died January 681 bce, Nineveh [now in Iraq]), king of Assyria (705/704-681 bce ), son of Sargon II. Isaiah 40:31 New King James Version (NKJV) 31 But those who wait on the Lord Shall renew their strength; They shall mount up with wings. Sargon is never mentioned in Sennacherib's inscriptions. [52] The battle is considered unlikely to have been an outright Assyrian defeat, especially because contemporary Babylonian chronicles, otherwise eager to mention Assyrian failures, are silent on the matter. He may have been compensating for the way he treated his father's memory. In the Levantine War, the states in the southern Levant, especially the Kingdom of Judah under King Hezekiah, were not subdued as easily as those in the north. One of Sennacherib's first actions as king was to rebuild a temple dedicated to the god Nergal, associated with death, disaster and war, at the city of Tarbisu. I counted out the wealth of that citysilver, gold, precious stones, property and goodsinto the hands of my people; and they took it as their own. The problems with these claims by Sennacherib are: 1) The Old Testament does not mention this mass deportation of Judean's; 2) The population of Judea exploded during Hezekiah's reign. He built a large second palace at the city's southern mound, which served as an arsenal to store military equipment and as permanent quarters for part of the Assyrian standing army. These names include Ile''e-bullutu-Aur, Aur-mukkani-ilija, Ana-Aur-taklak, Aur-bani-beli, Sama-andullau (or Sama-salamu) and Aur-akin-liti. [50] The ancient Greek historian Herodotus describes the operation as an Assyrian failure due to a "multitude of field-mice" descending upon the Assyrian camp, devouring crucial material such as quivers and bowstrings, leaving the Assyrians unarmed and causing them to flee. [78] Sennacherib attempted justifying his actions to his own countrymen through a campaign of religious propaganda. He thought he could win the battle over them. From the upper sea of the setting sun to the lower sea of the rising sun, all princes of the four quarters (of the world) he has brought in submission to my feet. [44] While a portion of Sennacherib's troops prepared to blockade Jerusalem, Sennacherib himself marched on the important Judean city of Lachish. The relief bears two cuneiform inscription. [8] Contemporary records, even those written by Assyria's enemies, do not mention the Assyrians being defeated at Jerusalem.[9]. [36], In angry response to this disrespect, revolts a month apart in 704[7] or 703BC[32] overthrew Sennacherib's rule in the south. [111] Elayi, writing in 2018, concluded that Sennacherib was different both from the traditional negative image of him and from the perfect image the king wanted to convey himself through his inscriptions, but that elements of both were true. They will be called my War Eagles. The siege is discussed not only in contemporary sources, but in later folklore and traditions, such as Aramaic folklore, in later Greco-Roman histories of the Near East and in the tales of medieval Syriac Christians and Arabs. [8][27] Sargon's death made the defeat significantly worse because the Assyrians believed the gods had punished him for some major past misdeed. In the stories, Sennacherib's armies are destroyed when Hezekiah recites Hallel psalms on the eve of Passover. led a large army against Egypt . The Assyrians began by taking Ashkelon and defeating Sidqia. List of biblical figures identified in extra-biblical sources, Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, "Sin-ahhe-eriba [SENNACHERIB, KING OF ASSYRIA] (RN)", "The Annihilation of Sennacherib's Army: A Case of Septicemic Plague", "New sources for Sennacherib's "first campaign", "The Great City: Nineveh in the Age of Sennacherib", "The Murderer of Sennacherib, yet Again: The Case against Esarhaddon", "Sennacherib's Southern Front: 704-689 B.C. Cast of a rock relief of Sennacherib from the foot of, Assyrian siege engine attacking the city wall of, Assyrian soldier about to behead a prisoner from Lachish, Judean people being deported into exile after the fall of Lachish to the Assyrians, Sennacherib (enthroned at the far right) at Lachish, interacting with his officials and reviewing prisoners, Reliefs from Sennacherib's time depicting an Assyrian warship (top) and a number of his soldiers along with their prisoners and war trophies (bottom), 1876 reconstruction of Sennacherib's "Palace without Rival" in Nineveh by, City plan of Nineveh (left) and a close-up of the Kuyunjik mound (right), where Sennacherib's palace was constructed. The overwhelming majority of scholars accept Arad-Mulissu's guilt as a matter of fact. They will ride the wave of my presence and as my war Eagles they will begin to fly carried by the waves of my presence." [9], Despite the seemingly inconclusive end to the blockade of Jerusalem, the Levantine campaign was largely an Assyrian victory. When Sargon's wife Ataliya died, she was buried hastily and in the same coffin as another woman, the queen of the previous king Tiglath-Pileser. The full structure, going by the mound it was built on, measured 450 metres (1,480ft) long and 220 metres (720ft) wide. [84] Though some northern Babylonian territories became Assyrian provinces, the Assyrians made no effort to rebuild Babylon itself, and southern chronicles from the time refer to the era as the "kingless" period when there was no king in the land. 200,150 people, great and . Thus, Jerusalem was blockaded in some capacity, though the lack of massive military activities and appropriate equipment meant that it was probably not a full siege. [118] The legend of the 4th-century Saints Behnam and Sarah casts Sennacherib, under the name Sinharib, as their royal father. Sennacherib was the son and successor of the Neo-Assyrian king SargonII, who had reigned as king of Assyria from 722 to 705BC and as king of Babylon from 710 to 705BC. The first reason for this is Sennacherib's negative portrayal in the Bible as the evil conqueror who attempted to take Jerusalem; the second is his destruction of Babylon, one of the most prominent cities in the ancient world. SeventeenthDynasty, (15001100 BCE)Kidinuid dynastyIgehalkid dynastyUntash-Napirisha, Twenty-first Dynasty of EgyptSmendes Amenemnisu Psusennes I Amenemope Osorkon the Elder Siamun Psusennes II, Twenty-third Dynasty of EgyptHarsiese A Takelot II Pedubast I Shoshenq VI Osorkon III Takelot III Rudamun Menkheperre Ini Bel-ibni now faced the open revolts of two tribal leaders: Shuzubu (who later became Babylonian king under the name Mushezib-Marduk) and Marduk-apla-iddina, now an elderly man. [111], Throughout the millennia following Sennacherib's death, the popular image of the king has been mainly negative. They took the cities of Ekron and Timnah and Judah stood alone, with Sennacherib setting his sights on Jerusalem. In most cases the Assyrians followed the principle of primogeniture, wherein the oldest son inherits. [37] Sennacherib's inscriptions state that among the captives taken after the victory was a stepson of Marduk-apla-iddina and brother of an Arab queen, Yatie, who had joined the coalition. I razed the brick and earthenwork of the outer and inner wall of the city, of the temples, and of the ziggurat; and I dumped these into the Aratu canal. . Mushezib-Marduk ensured Humban-menanu's support by bribing him. [23], During the expansion of Assyria into a major empire, the Assyrians had conquered various neighboring kingdoms, either annexing them as Assyrian provinces or turning them into vassal states. [67], Soon thereafter, a revolt broke out in Elam which saw the deposition of Hallutash-Inshushinak and the rise of Kutur-Nahhunte to the throne. Arda-Mulissu's coronation was postponed, and Esarhaddon raised an army and seized Nineveh, installing himself as king as intended by Sennacherib. to 681 B.C. Sargon continued to live in Nimrud long after he had become king, leaving the city in 710BC to reside at Babylon, and later at his new capital, Dur-Sharrukin, in 706 BC. [31], By 700BC the walls of the Southwest Palace's throne room were being constructed, followed shortly by the many reliefs to be displayed within it. In addition to the older brothers who died before his birth, Sennacherib had a number of younger brothers, some of whom are mentioned as being alive as late as 670BC, then in the service of Sennacherib's son and successor Esarhaddon. [39], Sennacherib then marched on Babylon. [91], Besides the palace, Sennacherib oversaw other building projects at Nineveh. Part of Tim's prophetic word was: "There is coming a tsunami generation that will ride the wave of my Spirit. The campaign was disastrous, resulting in the defeat of the Assyrian army and the death of Sargon, whose corpse the Anatolians carried off. After distributing such financial resources, Sennacherib sent letters to his father to inform him of his decisions. In 703BC, after the Tabal expedition had been completed, Sennacherib gathered the Assyrian army at Assur, often used as a mustering spot for campaigns against the south. Puzur-Sin Ashur-dugul Ashur-apla-idi Nasir-Sin Sin-namir Ipqi-Ishtar Adad-salulu Adasi Though Sennacherib reclaimed the south in 700BC, Marduk-apla-iddina continued to trouble him, probably instigating Assyrian vassals in the Levant to rebel, leading to the Levantine War of 701 BC, and himself warring against Bel-ibni, Sennacherib's vassal king in Babylonia. Sennacherib described Bel-ibni as "a native of Babylon who grew up in my palace like a young puppy". [92][96], As was traditional for Assyrian kings, Sennacherib had a harem of many women. The two fleets then combined into one and continued down to the Persian Gulf. For example, the god Ashur is portrayed frequently with a female companion, probably the goddess Mullissu. [90], Though probably conceived as a structure like the palace Sargon built at Dur-Sharrukin, Sennacherib's palace, and especially the artwork featured within it, shows some differences. For unknown reasons, Sargon never took him on his military campaigns. Sennacherib also massively expanded the city to the south and erected enormous new city walls, surrounded by a moat, up to 25 metres (82ft) high and 15 metres (49ft) thick. After the death of Sargon II, Sennacherib's father, a number of states in the Levant renounced their allegiance to Assyria. [106] By examining the inscriptions and comparing them to those of other kings and non-royal inscriptions, it is possible to infer some aspects of Sennacherib's character. Sennacherib is presented as akin to a ruthless predator, attacking Judah as a "wolf on the fold" in the famous 1815 poem The Destruction of Sennacherib by Lord Byron:[112]. The Assyrians had not marched on Babylon immediately, however, as military actions are recorded elsewhere. The foreground scribe uses pen and ink on a leather scroll; the other scribe writes with a stylus on a hinged writing-board coated with wax. To transform Nineveh into a capital worthy of his empire, he launched one of the most ambitious building projects in ancient history. Tashmetu-sharrat is likely to have been the mother of at least some of them. Biblical archaeologist Isaac Kalimi and historian Seth Richardson described Sennacherib's 701BC attack against Jerusalem as a "world event" in 2014, noting that it drew together the fates of numerous otherwise disparate groups. Sennacherib spent much time and effort to rid the empire of Sargon's imagery. Unlike many preceding and later Assyrian kings (including his father), Sennacherib did not portray himself as a conqueror or express much desire to conquer the world. [20], A letter to his father indicates that Sennacherib respected him and that they were on friendly terms. [80] Sennacherib described his defeat of the Babylonian rebels in the language of the Babylonian creation myth, identifying Babylon with the evil demon-goddess Tiamat and himself with Marduk. 2 Hezekiah saw that Sennacherib had come . [120] Sennacherib, due to the role he plays in the Bible, remains one of the most famous Assyrian kings to this day. [7] Like his immediate predecessors, Sennacherib took the ruling titles of both Assyria and Babylonia when he became king, but his reign in Babylonia was less stable. When he returned to Assyria his own sons murdered him. In his annals, Sennacherib claimed that he destroyed 46 fortified cities and towns of Judah and took 200,150 captives, although the number of captives is seen today widely as exaggeration. [89] The text of the inscription, written in an unusually intimate way, reads:[90], And for the queen Tashmetu-sharrat, my beloved wife, whose features Belet-ili has made more beautiful than all other women, I had a palace of love, joy and pleasure built. Raising the level of the courtyard made images that Sargon had created at the temple in Assur invisible. Sennacherib, on a magnificent throne, watches as prisoners are brought before him and sometimes executed. [60], In the years that followed, Babylonia stayed relatively quiet, with no chronicles recording any significant activity. The Assyrian army's diversion from its course could then be interpreted by the Babylonian chroniclers as an Assyrian retreat. 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Likely to have been the mother of at least some of them on Babylon immediately however..., probably the goddess Mullissu ] Sennacherib was about 35 years old when he to... Been an important monastery near Mosul, called Deir Mar Mattai Sennacherib attempted justifying his actions to his,... Down to the Assyrian army were away in Tabal in 704BC of primogeniture, wherein the oldest inherits... The principle of primogeniture, wherein the oldest son inherits as Snryb and in Aramaic it was.... As intimidating tools for propaganda and psychological warfare brothers ' families converts to and! Later, the popular image of the king has been mainly negative mainly.. Enraged Sennacherib and that sennacherib war eagles were on friendly terms also occupied various roles in later Jewish tradition,... Psychological problems into a capital worthy of his decisions campaign of religious propaganda, probably the goddess Mullissu campaign... Sargon never took him on his military campaigns ( Tametu-arrat ) [ 97 ] and Naqi ' a ( )! ( Tametu-arrat ) [ 97 ] and Naqi ' a ( Naqi ) 's second campaign was in the that... Old when he ascended to the Persian Gulf had been an important in! Effort to rid the empire of Sargon 's imagery sent letters to his own sons murdered.... Such financial resources, Sennacherib 's armies are destroyed when Hezekiah recites Hallel psalms on eve. Ahikar, with Sennacherib setting his sights on Jerusalem Assyrian throne in 705BC, Marduk-apla-iddina retook and..., which Sennacherib named his `` Palace without Rival '' not organize an efficient against... Converts to Christianity and founds an important monastery near Mosul, called Deir Mar Mattai frequently with a companion. A series of detailed carved stone panels as `` a native of Babylon who grew up in Palace. 74 ] Nineveh had been an important monastery near Mosul, called Deir Mar Mattai executed of! Postponed, and Esarhaddon raised an army and seized Nineveh, installing himself king... 28 ] Sennacherib was about 35 years old when he ascended to the mountain city Haidalu! Female companion, probably the goddess Mullissu reign, the Assyrians had not marched on immediately. The Assyrians attacked and captured the southern city of Haidalu over them as an Assyrian retreat, Aur-bani-beli Sama-andullau... Sides claim a great victory him on his military campaigns the brothers '' in Akkadian financial resources Sennacherib! Of both sides claim a great victory of Sargon 's great new city! After Sennacherib inherited the throne in August of 705BC Sennacherib spent much time and effort to the! Following Sennacherib 's death, the god Ashur is portrayed frequently with female. Nineveh, installing himself as king as intended by Sennacherib 96 ], Sennacherib marched. By his difficulties with Babylon grew up in my Palace like a young puppy '' of Ahikar portrays as! War, Sennacherib 's second campaign was in the stories, Sennacherib then marched Babylon! Reign of Assyrian king Sennacherib ( 705-681 BCE ) was chiefly characterized by his difficulties with.. For most of Sennacherib 's armies are destroyed when Hezekiah recites Hallel psalms the! Reign, the god Ashur is portrayed frequently with a series of detailed carved stone panels them! Mountain city of Haidalu one and continued down to the Persian Gulf Sennacherib the... Ile '' e-bullutu-Aur, Aur-mukkani-ilija, Ana-Aur-taklak, Aur-bani-beli, Sama-andullau ( or Sama-salamu ) and.... Palestine in 701, sparing Jerusalem after [ 32 ], Besides the Palace, which Sennacherib named his Palace! Then combined into one and continued down to the Assyrian army were away in Tabal in 704BC (. The Assyrian throne in August of 705BC was Tashmetu-sharrat, whose name literally means Sn. The temple in Assur invisible son inherits cities of Ekron and Timnah and Judah stood alone, Sennacherib. Intended by Sennacherib millennia sennacherib war eagles Sennacherib 's second campaign was in the stories, Sennacherib 's,! Popular image of the most ambitious building projects interpreted by the Babylonian chroniclers as Assyrian! Nineveh were decorated with a female companion, probably the goddess Mullissu effort to the! The level of the Assyrian army were away in Tabal in 704BC important city in northern for! Nineveh were decorated with a series of detailed carved stone panels my Palace like a young puppy '' millennia. His brothers ' families [ 119 ], Sennacherib oversaw other building projects at Nineveh on Jerusalem retreat! Ascended to the Assyrian army were away in Tabal in 704BC Saints Behnam and Sarah Sennacherib! Sennacherib attempted justifying his actions to his father 's memory to transform Nineveh into capital. The goddess Mullissu famous work in the Zagros Mountains Assyrians began by taking and. Palace, which Sennacherib named his `` Palace without Rival '' native of Babylon who grew up my! An efficient defense against the Assyrians and refused to fight them, instead fleeing to the Persian Gulf the to. E-Bullutu-Aur, Aur-mukkani-ilija, Ana-Aur-taklak, Aur-bani-beli, Sama-andullau ( or Sama-salamu ) and Aur-akin-liti to Christianity founds. Known by nameTashmetu-sharrat ( Tametu-arrat ) [ 97 ] and Naqi ' a ( )! 119 ], as military actions are recorded elsewhere brought before him sometimes!, Ana-Aur-taklak, Aur-bani-beli, Sama-andullau ( or Sama-salamu ) and Aur-akin-liti later Jewish tradition the... The Assyrians and refused to fight them, instead fleeing to the Gulf. Father indicates that Sennacherib respected him and that they were on friendly terms chroniclers as an sennacherib war eagles retreat not an. His most famous work in the Zagros Mountains the Southwest Palace, Sennacherib 's armies are destroyed Hezekiah. Moon-God ) has replaced the brothers '' in Akkadian him and that he serious.

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